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- TECHNOLOGY, Page 53Hidden Hazards of the Airwaves
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- An obscure newsletter uncovers the perils of the information age
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- Louis Slesin's stories have a tendency to shock. Like the
- one about the 23 workers at the Bath Iron Works in Bath, Me.,
- who got "sunburns" one rainy day when someone on a Navy frigate
- flicked on the ship's radar. Or the trash fires that start
- spontaneously from time to time near the radio and TV broadcast
- antennas in downtown Honolulu. Or the pristine suburb of
- Vernon, N.J., that has both one of the world's highest
- concentrations of satellite transmitting stations and a
- persistent -- and unexplained -- cluster of Down's syndrome
- cases.
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- For nearly a decade, Slesin, 43, has been collecting these
- and similar tales of electromagnetism seemingly gone awry and
- publishing them, meticulously researched and thoroughly
- documented, in an obscure bimonthly newsletter called Microwave
- News. His circulation is tiny (just over 500 copies), but he
- is well known in scientific and professional circles. And
- lately his message -- that there may be adverse health effects
- from the radiation emitted by power lines, computer terminals
- and other technologies vital to the information age -- has
- become front-page news.
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- In the current issue of Microwave News, Slesin has printed
- what may be his greatest scoop: the key paragraph of a two-year
- Environmental Protection Agency study recommending that
- so-called extremely low-frequency fields be classified as
- "probable human carcinogens" alongside such notorious chemical
- toxins as PCBs, formaldehyde and dioxin. The recommendation,
- which could have set off a costly chain of regulatory actions,
- was deleted from the final draft after review by the White
- House Office of Policy Development. "The EPA thing is a
- stunner," says Paul Brodeur, a writer for the New Yorker. "It's
- a clear case of suppression and politicization of a major
- health issue by the White House."
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- It was Brodeur who first brought Slesin's work to widespread
- public attention. Much of the information in Brodeur's
- influential book Currents of Death was gleaned from the files
- of Microwave News. In a chapter titled "Watchdog" he describes
- Slesin's unrelenting coverage of the landmark studies linking
- low-level electromagnetic fields to the increased incidence of
- miscarriage, birth defects and various forms of cancer,
- especially brain tumors and leukemia. In the July 9 issue of
- the New Yorker, Brodeur returned to the subject with a detailed
- story about a cancer cluster in Guilford, Conn. Over a period
- of 20 years, four residents of a street with nine homes on it
- developed brain tumors, and most of their neighbors suffered
- recurring headaches. The common denominator: they all lived
- near an electrical substation and transmission lines owned by
- Connecticut Light & Power.
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- Slesin and three assistants publish Microwave News out of
- a three-room Manhattan apartment that used to be his home. In
- addition to major reports on the hazards of electric blankets,
- microwave ovens and medical imaging systems, a typical 16-page
- issue will summarize the latest health studies, monitor ongoing
- litigation and track various government activities, like this
- week's congressional hearings on the status of federal research
- efforts. Subscribers include utilities and communications
- companies and officials in some 30 government agencies.
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- Not everybody appreciates Slesin's work. Despite having a
- reputation for evenhandedness, he is seen in some industry
- circles as a crusader. "He's not alarmist or inflammatory,"
- admits Bruce Dickerson, executive director of the Center for
- Office Technology, an industry-sponsored clearinghouse for
- information about VDT safety. "But he does represent a
- constituency that is not in the mainstream of science. [The
- government agencies concerned with worker safety] certainly
- don't believe there are adverse health effects."
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- For Slesin, the fact that the government has not taken the
- issue seriously is part of the problem. In his opinion, the
- studies linking higher incidences of cancer to low-frequency
- electromagnetic fields raise questions about the whole
- electromagnetic spectrum, including radiation from such
- ubiquitous sources as broadcast antennas, walkie-talkies and
- cellular telephones. But despite all the warning signs, there
- has been almost no research on the effects of long-term
- low-level exposure. "The U.S. has gone to extraordinary lengths
- not to study this problem," says Slesin. "It's as if we're
- terrified of what we might find out."
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- By Philip Elmer-DeWitt.
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